Which of the following is a possible side effect of hormone therapy in women?

Hormone therapy in women, particularly when involving estrogen and progestin, has been associated with several potential risks and benefits. Among the possible side effects, an increased risk of ovarian cancer is a significant concern. Research indicates that long-term use of hormone replacement therapy, especially in women who take estrogen alone or who have been on it for an extended period, can elevate the risk of developing ovarian cancer.

This heightened risk is particularly relevant when considering the balance of benefits and risks in hormone therapy decisions. Other factors, such as family history and personal health history, may also influence the evaluation of this risk. The recognition of this potential side effect is crucial for healthcare providers when discussing treatment options with patients, emphasizing the importance of individualized decision-making in the management of menopausal symptoms or hormone deficiencies.

In contrast, options like improved skin elasticity, reduced risk of osteoporosis, and vaginal atrophy represent different aspects of hormone therapy's effects. While hormone therapy can indeed improve skin elasticity and reduce the risk of osteoporosis, vaginal atrophy is often a concern addressed by hormone therapy rather than a side effect. Thus, recognizing the increased risk of ovarian cancer is vital for informed treatment decisions.